Understanding Gum Disease

Understanding Gum Disease: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Do you experience sensitive teeth or gums, swollen or red gums, or bleeding when brushing? Are you concerned about bad breath that won’t go away? These can all be early signs of gum disease, a common but serious dental condition.

What Causes Gum Disease?
Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is primarily caused by the buildup of bacteria between the teeth and gums. When not removed through proper oral hygiene, this bacteria hardens into plaque and tartar, leading to gum inflammation. Left untreated, gum disease can cause tissue damage, bone loss, and even tooth loss.

Stages of Gum Disease
Gum disease progresses through three main stages:

1. Gingivitis: This is the earliest stage, where gums may appear red, swollen, and bleed easily, especially when brushing or flossing. Gingivitis is often caused by poor oral hygiene, and at this stage, it is still reversible with proper care. Common Symptoms of Gingivitis:
   • Red, swollen, or tender gums
   • Bleeding while brushing or flossing
   • Gum recession
   • Bad breath
   • Plaque or tartar buildup near the gum line
2. Periodontitis: If gingivitis is left untreated, it can advance to periodontitis. In this stage, the gums begin to pull away from the teeth, forming pockets that can become infected. The body’s immune response, along with bacterial toxins, begins to break down the bone and connective tissue that hold teeth in place.

Is Gum Disease Curable?
While there is no complete cure for gum disease, it can be managed and prevented from worsening. Regular brushing and flossing, particularly paying attention to the gum line, are crucial. Visiting your dentist or hygienist every 3-6 months is essential to maintain healthy gums and prevent the progression of the disease.

Maintaining good oral hygiene and a balanced diet not only protects your teeth and gums but also supports your overall health. Gum disease has been linked to more serious conditions like heart disease and lung infections, so early intervention is key.